針對干式變壓器的故障問題及原因，常見的有以下幾點：當干式變壓器插上電源后，若鐵芯傳出嗡嗡的響聲，則故障原因可能是鐵芯未夾持或變壓器負荷太重;發燙高、起煙、有焦味或保險絲燒斷，有可能是線圈短路負荷太重。電感和變壓器類器件的故障查驗一般采用如下方式：

　　(1)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)測(ce)量測(ce)量法。用(yong)萬用(yong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)攔(lan)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)感(gan)類器件的(de)優劣。測(ce)天線(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、振(zhen)蕩(dang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)時(shi)，量程應(ying)置于最(zui)小電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)攔(lan)(如(ru)R&TImes;1W擋);測(ce)中周及輸(shu)出輸(shu)入變壓(ya)器時(shi)，量程要(yao)(yao)放在低阻(zu)(zu)攔(lan)(R&TImes;10W或R&TImes;100W擋)，測(ce)得的(de)阻(zu)(zu)值與(yu)維修資料或日常積累的(de)經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)(yan)數據(ju)相對照，假(jia)如(ru)很(hen)接近也表(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)待測(ce)元件是正常;假(jia)如(ru)阻(zu)(zu)值比經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)(yan)數據(ju)小很(hen)多，說明線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)有(you)局部(bu)短路(lu);假(jia)如(ru)指(zhi)針指(zhi)示(shi)值為零，則表(biao)(biao)(biao)明線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)短路(lu)。應(ying)當(dang)注意的(de)是，振(zhen)蕩(dang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、天線(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)及中周的(de)次(ci)級電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)很(hen)小，只有(you)零點幾歐姆，讀數時(shi)特(te)別要(yao)(yao)仔細，不要(yao)(yao)誤判斷為短路(lu)。用(yong)高(gao)阻(zu)(zu)攔(lan)(R&TImes;10kW)測(ce)量初級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)與(yu)次(ci)級線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)時(shi)，應(ying)當(dang)是無窮。假(jia)如(ru)初級、次(ci)級之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)一定的(de)阻(zu)(zu)值，也表(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)初級、次(ci)級之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)走電(dian)(dian)。

　　(2)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)檢查(cha)法。對電(dian)(dian)源變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)能(neng)通(tong)過通(tong)電(dian)(dian)查(cha)驗，看次(ci)級(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是否(fou)降低，假如次(ci)級(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)則(ze)(ze)猜疑次(ci)級(ji)(ji)(或(huo)初(chu)級(ji)(ji))有局(ju)(ju)部(bu)短(duan)路。當(dang)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)后發(fa)生變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)快(kuai)速發(fa)熱或(huo)有燒焦味(wei)、起煙等現象，則(ze)(ze)可判斷變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)一定有局(ju)(ju)部(bu)短(duan)路。

　　(3)儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)檢查法。可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)高(gao)頻(pin)Q表來(lai)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)感(gan)量(liang)以(yi)(yi)及Q值，還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)電(dian)感(gan)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)儀(yi)來(lai)判定(ding)低頻(pin)率線(xian)圈的(de)(de)局部(bu)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)狀(zhuang)況。用(yong)兆歐表則可(ke)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)源變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)初、次級之間的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻。若(ruo)發現變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)有漏電(dian)狀(zhuang)況有可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)絕(jue)緣不(bu)良或返潮(chao)而引起(qi)的(de)(de)，這時可(ke)將變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)卸下(xia)來(lai)去潮(chao)烘干(gan)。此外，調壓(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)各類碳刷或銅刷，在維護(hu)和(he)常用(yong)不(bu)當的(de)(de)情形下(xia)很容易損壞，其殘片和(he)積碳往往因短(duan)(duan)路(lu)部(bu)分(fen)線(xian)圈燒毀(hui)而燒毀(hui)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)，因此平時要注意維護(hu)。